Derivation of a DRAM Memory Interface by Sequential Decomposition

Design and synthesis of DRAM based memory systems has been a di cult task in high-level system synthesis because of the relatively complex protocols involved. In this paper, we illustrate a method for topdown design of a DRAM memory interface using a transformational approach. Sequential decomposition of the DRAM memory interface entails extraction of a DRAM memory object from a system description that incorporates the read/write protocol and accounts for refresh cycles. We apply sequential decomposition to a non-trivial example, a formally derived realization of the Nqthm FM9001 microprocessor speci cation [1], called DDD-FM9001 [2].